Pyrometer



D. BAKER. PYRoMETl-:R-

(No Model.)

uns!! Nrrnn STATES irren.

PATENT PYROM ETER.

SPECIFICATION forming part Of Letters Patent NO. 602,613, dated April19, 1898.

Application iiled January 7, 1897.

To all whom t may concern.-

Be it known that I, DAVID BAKER, of Sparrows Point, county of Baltimore,and State of Maryland, have invented a new and useful Improvement inMethods of Measuring Temperatures, of which the following is aspeciiication.

This invention has reference to a method of measuring very hightemperatures, such as exist in ovens, gas-fines, furnaces, die. and theinvention consists, primarily, in passing saturated steam under auniform pressure and temperature through a chamber exposed to theinfluence of the heat to be measured and in determining the temperatureof the steam after its passage through this chamber.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a longitudinal section throughmy improved pyrometer in the form I prefer to adopt, the same beingshown as applied through the rebricks of a furnace for measuring thetemperature within the same. Fig. 2 is a transverse section through thesame on the line a a.

Referring to the drawings, the apparatus which I prefer to employ incarrying out my method is formed of a casting or casing l, which isshown as extended in the wall of a furnace, with its inner end exposedto the influence of the heat within the furnace. This casting has formedin it two longitudinallyextending semicircular chambers 3 and 4, whichcommunicate at their inner ends, as plainly shown in Fig. l.

5 represents a capsule or bulb, of platinum or analogous material, iixedto a nut or head 6, tapped in the inner end of the casting and forming achamber which is exposed t0 the heat within the furnace. The interior ofthis chamber communicates with chamber I by means of a passage '7,extending longitudinally in the central portion of the casting from theupper end of the chamber 4 to the interior of the bulb. The interior ofthe bulb also communicates with the external air by means of a' secondpassage 8, extending longitudinally along the central portion of thecasting parallel to the passage 7, the lower end of this passage 8 beingprovided with a tube 9, which extends into the bulb. By the passages andchambers described steam introduced into chamber 3 will pass from the.inner end of the same to the chamber 4, thence Serial No. 618,244. (Nomodel.)

outward, leaving the same near its outer end by the passage 7, throughwhich it will enter the bulb 5. The steam will leave the bulb throughthe pipe 9 and passage 8 and pass to the external air at the outer endof the casting.

In order to utilize this apparatus for measuring the temperature Withinthe furnace, steam is introduced from any suitable source into anentrance-pipe 10, com mu nicating with chamber 3, and is maintained atuniform pressure and temperature by a pressure-regulator ll, which isapplied to a pipe l2, communicating with the upper end of the chamber4.-. The steam in its passage through the apparatus is exposed while inthe bulb 5 to the influence of the heat within the furnace, and itstemperature after leaving the bulb and while in the exit-passage 8 ismeasured by means of a thermometer 13 having its bulb inserted in thispassage. The temperature of the interior of the furnace in which thebulb is exposed may by this means be computed by the comparativetemperature of the steam when it enters the apparatus and itstemperature as indicated by the thermometer in the exit-passage, thecomputation being based on results obtained by previous experiments withan apparatus in a furnace in which the temperature is known or ismeasured by other means.

The use of steam as the medium for determining the interior temperatureby passing it through a chamber exposed to the influence of thistemperature possesses advantages not attainable by the use of otheriiuids, mainly on account of the ability to maintain the steam at auniform pressure, and consequently at a uniform temperature, on itsentrance, and, further, the steam carrying no solid matters, there willbe no liability of the passages in the apparatus becoming clogged bysediment.

I am aware that water has been passed through a chamber exposed to theinfiuence of the heat to be measuredand its temperature thereafterdetermined, and I am also aware lthat air has been subjected to theaction of the heat to be measured and the tension of the incoming andoutgoing air compared to determine the interior temperature; but Ibelieve myself to be the iirst to subject steam at an unvaryingtemperature and uniform pressure in a Chamber exposed to the inuenee ofthe heat to be measured and to determine the temperature of the steamafter being thus exposed, and to sueh I lay broad claim Without regardto the particular form of the apparatus for accomplishing the same.

Having thus described my invention,what I Claim is- The method ofmeasuring high degrees of heat which consists in passing-a current ofsaturated steam through a chamber exposed to the influence of the heat,thereby superheating said steam, maintaining said current at a uniform,unvarying pressure and tem- I5 perature before it is superheated anddetermining the temperature of the superheated steam.

In testimony whereof I hereunto set my hand, this 6th day of January,1896, in the zo presence of two attesting Witnesses.

DAVID BAKER.

W'itnesses:

JOHN F. PARKER, JAS. D. WOODRUFF.

